Latvia is a relatively small country in the Baltics which gained its independence after the first great war to lose it again and win it back in 1991 however the Latvian flag is the second oldest in the world dating back to 12th century. The country is considered one of the most environmentally friendly with over 50% of the country covered in forests. Although Latvia and its people throughout history were part of different countries, they have a share of their history too. Latvians managed to colonize islands such as Tobago and Kunta Kinteh Island. A Latvian discovered the Angel Falls in Venezuela. Those rivets on your jeans were invented by a Latvian who cooperated with Levi Strauss.

Traveling info

Because Latvia is a member of the Schengen convention all citizens of the member states of this agreement may move freely to Latvia for tourist, business, starting a new life or any other purpose without the requirement to obtain any sort of a visa document. The only document required to cross the border is an ID card. There are several countries who are outside of the European Union however they are a part of the Schengen convention. These are Norway, Liechtenstein, Iceland, and Switzerland. Nationals of countries which are not part of this convention are required to obtain a Schengen visa that will allow them to move freely within the boundaries of the Schengen convention nations. Schengen visa is normally admitted once per half a year for a duration of 90 days. Schengen visa holders can not work or study during their stay within the Schengen boundaries. Visitors who decide to drive in Latvia must have their national driving permit, vehicle registration documents and certificate of insurance with them at all times whilst driving. Citizens of the EU and EEA may drive in Latvia using their national driving licenses. Nationals of countries outside of the EU or the EEA must obtain an international driving permit which does not substitute the national driving permit but serves as a translation of it. It must be carried along with the national driving permit. Those who stay in Latvia for a period exceeding 6 months must switch to a Latvian permit. This does not concern the EU and EEA citizens.

Traveling hazards

Latvia has one of the highest road fatality rates in Europe. Traffic regulations are enforced however locals often fail to comply. Police often set up random checkpoints where they use a breathalyzer to detect drunk drivers. Drunk driving is frequent. During the winter roads are de-iced and cleared however be careful as not all places might have been cleared in time. Emergency services are fair but improving. These might take much longer to reach rural areas.

Environmental hazards

Latvia is one of the most forested countries in the world. Over 50% of its land is covered by forests. This is partly due to low population density. There are several animals which pose or may pose a threat to humans. There are over a thousand wolves in Latvia which is quite a number for the size of the country. Wolves despite their reputation avoid humans and areas of human activity. These animals rather remain in the remote areas of Latvian forests however this does not save livestock in certain parts of the country from attacks. Human interaction with there is rare. Bears happen to be present in Latvia however these mainly migrate back and forth from Estonia and Russia. There are no known bear breeding grounds. European common viper inhabits wet areas like rivers, ponds, and marshes. These snakes usually retreat when spotting a human however when feeling threatened, might attack and inject mildly dangerous venom. Although fatalities are rare, they are a possibility. If bitten medical help should be sought as soon as possible. Ticks are present in most European countries. This small parasite often carries Lyme disease which is very serious. Lyme disease affects any organ in the body including the nervous system and joints, damaging it slowly. Undetected and untreated will usually result in death within 5 years. The disease is very difficult to cure however it is easiest to get rid of it in the very early stage therefore if being bitten by a tick, it is extremely important to submit it to a laboratory for Lyme disease testing as soon as possible. The quicker the disease is discovered the easier it is to cure. Swimming in the coastal waters of Latvia is safe. There are no dangerous marine creatures that would pose any danger to humans. There are also no recorded shark attacks in any of the countries with a Baltic coastline.
Latvia does not experience serious earthquakes nor does it have any volcanoes. The highest hill in the country reaches 312 meters meaning landslides and avalanches are non-existent in the country. There is however a very real threat of floods which usually occur after meltdowns during springtime.

Health hazards

There are currently no outbreaks of any diseases nor are there any vaccination requirements. There are however several vaccinations which will rid your trip of unpleasant diseases. These vaccines are the routine vaccines, hepatitis A and B and rabies vaccine. Healthcare in Latvia is universal for Latvian citizens. Expats are expected to pay for services however holders of European health insurance cards are eligible for services at a reduced cost or for free. Latvian healthcare is on the European standard and will provide a high-quality service to patients. Private hospitals and clinics may, however, provide a higher quality of service than their public equivalent. English speaking physicians and staff mostly work in private clinics.
In case of an emergency dial 112.

Crime

Latvia is relatively safe. Violent crime is rare and rarely affects tourists. Petty crime is the most common type of crime in the country especially intensifying during summer when tourists arrive in the country. It is important to stay vigilant in crowded tourist areas as pickpockets develop a variety of techniques to steal from unsuspecting tourists often working in groups. To stay safe it is important to beware of your surroundings and to keep valuables tight. Money belts are a great way to keep the money, credit cards or IDs in a safe and out of pickpockets reach. While using public transport especially crowded buses and trams stay vigilant as pickpockets often operate there. Although Riga is generally safe at night, it is advised to use taxis or private vehicles to get to and from your destinations. Latvian drug laws outlaw any narcotics. Small quantities however are usually punished by a fine of up to 280 euro. There is no specified small amount, however. Possession or large quantities, distribution, and cultivation involves lengthy jail sentences.

Summary

For those who admire castles, forts and old architecture Latvia should be on their list. Besides this, the country offers much more. Beaches, nature parks and a variety of other attractions. Remember that planning your trip with Travset.com will give you the quickest information about nearest emergency services and will also help you purchase indispensable travel insurance for the trip of your lifetime. Please feel free to comment and share the experiences of your travels with Travset.com.

Sources

(Visa)
https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/latvia-visa/
(Vaccinations)
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/latvia
(EHIC)
http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=559